Structural Steel Grades

Structural steel Grades

Table of contents

Different Grades of Steel Used in Construction

Structural steel grades used in construction
Carbon Steel Grades
ASTM A572 ASTM A992
ASTM A36  
Stainless Steel Grades
AISI 316 AISI 304
Alloy Steel Grades
ASTM A709 ASTM A588
Specialty Grades
ASTM A615 ASTM A500

List of High Strength Structural Steel Grades From 650 Mpa to a 1300mpa

Grade Tensile Strength Yield Strength Elongation A
S700MC 650 – 950MPa > 700MPa >10% >12%
S500MC 550 – 700MPa > 500MPa >12% >14%
S550MC 600 – 760MPa > 550MPa >12% >14%
S1100QL 1100 Mpa   1300 Mpa 12%  

List of Offshore Structural Steel Grades and Their Properties

Structural Steel Properties

  • Good weldability
  • Good formability
  • Good dimensional accuracy
  • Toughness
  • Heat treatable
  • Sturdy construction
Low Temperature Structural Steel Grades Suitable Down to -45°c
Temperature Range
A333 Gr6 up to -45°C
A350 LF2 up to -46°C
A420 GrWPL6 up to -50°C
A352 LCB up to -150°C
Check Equivalents and Mechanical Properties of Structural Steel Material

Equivalents

S235JR EN 1.0038
S420M EN 1.8827
S235J2 EN 1.0117
S355J2 EN 1.0577
S275JR EN 1.0044
S355J0 EN 1.0553
S355JR EN 1.0045
S275J2 EN 1.0145

Mechanical Properties

0,2% Yield strength, Rp0, 2min, (MPa) Tensile strength, Rm, MPa (N/mm2) Brinell hardness, HB max
S355 355 470 – 630 146 – 187
S235 235 360 – 510 100 – 154
S420 420 480 – 620 143 – 184
S275 275 370 – 530 121 – 163

Structural Steel Standards

ASTM Standards

  • ASTM A36
  • ASTM A500
  • ASTM A572
  • ASTM A588
  • ASTM A709
  • ASTM A992
  • ASTM A285
  • ASTM A514
  • ASTM A516

European (EN) Standards of Structural Steel

  • S235JR – EN 1.0038
  • S275J2 – EN 1.0145
  • S355JR – EN 1.0045
  • S235J2 – EN 1.0117
  • S275JR – EN 1.0044
  • S355J0 – EN 1.0553
  • S420M – EN 1.8827
  • S355J2 – EN 1.0577

US Standards of Structural Steel

  • A283C
  • A570 Gr 40
  • A572 Gr 50

Different Shapes of Structural Cold Formed Steel

shapes of structural steel

 

Chemical Composition of Structural Steels

Composition Chemical content % by weight
S275 S235 S420 S355
Carbon (C)max 0.25 0.22 0.12 0.23
Manganese (Mn)max 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6
Phosphorus (P)max 0.04 0.05 0.025 0.05
Silicon (Si)max 0.05 0.05 0.5 0.05
Sulfur (S)max 0.05 0.05 0.015 0.05

Structural Steel Modulus of Elasticity

Steel Grade Shear Modulus (G) (GPa) Modulus of Elasticity (E) (GPa)
S275 80 205
S235 80 210
S460 80 200
S355 80 200

Construction Steel Grades Impact Resistance

Impact Resistance Temperature
Impact code Testing strength Temperature code Testing temperature
J 27 J R +20 °C
L 60 J 2 -20 °C
K 40 J 0 0 °C

S235 Steel Hollow Section Square Weight Chart

Section Index Weight Area Sizes Corner Radius Axis 1-1 Axis 2-2
Depth Width Thickness ra ri Ix Sx rx ly Sy ry Vpy Vpz
Ax d bf tf tw
(lb/ft) (in2) (in) (in) (in) (in) (in) (in) (in 4) (in2) (in) (in 4) (in2) (in) (in) (in)
HSSQ22x22x0,875 244 7/8 67 2/7 22 22 4/5 4/5 4/5 1 5/8 4970 530 8 3/5 4970 530 8 3/5 11 11
HSSQ20x20x0,75 4/7 191 52 3/5 20 20 2/3 2/3 2/3 1 2/5 3230 378 7 5/6 3230 378 7 5/6 10 10
HSSQ22x22x0,75 212 58 1/5 22 22 2/3 2/3 2/3 1 2/5 4350 462 8 2/3 4350 462 8 2/3 11 11
HSSQ20x20x0,875 221 60 4/5 20 20 4/5 4/5 4/5 1 5/8 3670 433 7 7/9 3670 433 7 7/9 10 10
HSSQ20x20x0,625 161 2/5 44 2/7 20 20 4/7 4/7 4/7 1 1/6 2750 320 7 7/8 2750 320 7 7/8 10 10
HSSQ20x20x0,5 130 1/2 35 4/5 20 20 1/2 1/2 1/2 1 2260 261 8 2260 261 8 10 10

Structural Steel Grades and Their Features

  • High strength to weight ratio
  • Versatility due to good ductility
  • High durability
  • Sustainability

Structural Steel Density Kg/m3

Material Property Value
Density ρ ≈ 7850 kg/m3
Unit weight γ ≈ 78.5 kN/m3
Coefficient of linear thermal expansion α 12 ×10-6 °K-1
Poisson’s ratio in elastic range ν 0.30

Factors to Consider When Choosing a Structural Steel Grade

  • Strength
  • Weldability
  • Durability
  • Fabrication
  • Availability
  • Cost

High Strength Steel Grades

  • ASTM A588
  • ASTM A572
  • ASTM A36
  • ASTM A709
  • ASTM A656
  • ASTM A606
  • ASTM A573
  • ASTM A283

Applications of High-strength Structural Steel

Applications of High-strength Structural Steel

Unit Weight of Structural Steel

Unit Weight Of Steel
Size Kg/feet Kg/m
10 mm 0.188 kg 0.617 kg
6 mm 0.067 kg 0.222 kg
12 mm 0.270 kg 0.89 kg
8 mm 0.120kg 0.395 kg
20 mm 0.751 kg 2.47 kg
16 mm 0.480 kg 1.58 kg
32 mm 1.925 kg 6.32 kg
25 mm 1.174 kg 3.86 kg

En Structural Steel Grades Delivery Condition

Code Condition
G Deoxidated
N Normalised
A Annealed
SR Stress relieved
QT Quenched and tempered
U Untreated
C Cold worked

Inspection Checklist of S235 Grade

  • Design code
  • Purchase order
  • Test Reports
  • Certificate No.
  • Heat or cast No.
  • Chemical & Mechanical properties
  • Heat treated condition.
  • Welders properly qualified
  • Test coupons compiled where necessary
  • Shipping and other marks

Steel for Structural Applications

structural steel applications

  • Construction of Bridges
  • Ship Building
  • Industrial Structure
  • Commercial Towers
  • Hydro Power & Wind Farms
  • Modules & Offshore Platforms
  • Steel Structure Fabrication