Copper alloys are chosen in marine environment because of their excellent corrosion resistance and reliability in sea water. copper when added with nickel its most commonly used in MSF distillation to convert seawater into drinking water. Also when copper is combined with chromium it can be used as valve components in marine atmospheres. And when copper mixed with silicon its used to manufacture subsea manifold.
Types of Copper and Copper Purity Grades
| Copper Type |
Copper Content (%) |
| Grade 1 (A) |
99.9% |
| Grade 2 (B) |
99% |
| Grade 3 (C) |
97% |
| Grade 4 (D) |
95% |
Copper Grades Used In Marine Environment
| Copper Alloy |
Alloy Element |
Types |
| Copper Nickel |
Copper, Nickel |
90-10 Cu-Ni, 70-30 Cu-Ni, Cu-Ni-Cr, Cu-Ni-Sn, Cu-Ni-Al |
| Copper Beryllium |
Copper, Beryllium |
Cu-Be |
Different Types of Copper Alloys
| Other Copper Alloy |
Alloy Element |
Types |
| Aluminum Bronze |
Copper, Tin, Aluminum |
Cu-Al |
| Phosphorus Bronze |
Copper, Tin, Phosphorus |
Cu-Sn-P |
| Silicon Bronze |
Copper, Silicon |
Cu-Si |
| Copper Beryllium |
Copper, Beryllium |
Cu-Be |
| Brass |
Copper, Tin, Zinc |
Cu-Zn |
Copper Alloy Grades
| Designation |
Number (EN) |
Number (UNS) |
| CuAl10Fe5Ni5-C |
CC333G |
C95500 |
| CuAl10Ni3Fe2-C |
CC332G |
– |
| CuNi10Zn42Pb2 |
CW402J |
C79800 |
| CuNi12Zn30Pb1 |
CW406J |
C79300 |
| CuNi18Zn19Pb1 |
CW408J |
C76300 |
| CuNi2SiCr |
– |
C81540 |
| CuNi3Si1 |
CW112C |
C70250 |
| CuNi7Zn39Pb3Mn2 |
CW400J |
– |
| CuPb10Sn10-C |
CC495K |
C93700 |
| CuPb1P |
CW113C |
C18700 |
| CuSn11Pb2-C |
CC482K |
– |
| CuSn12-C |
CC483K |
C90800 |
| CuSn12Ni2-C |
CC484K |
C91700 |
| CuSn3Zn8Pb5-C |
CC490K |
– |
| CuSn3Zn9Pb7-C |
– |
C84400 |
| CuSn4Zn4Pb4 |
CW456K |
C54400 |
| CuSn5Pb1 |
CW458K |
C53400 |
| CuSn5Zn5Pb2-C |
CC499K |
– |
| CuSn5Zn5Pb5-C |
CC491K |
C83600 |
| CuSn7Pb15-C |
CC496K |
CC93800 |
| CuSn7Zn4Pb7-C |
CC493K |
C93200 |
| CuSP |
CW114C |
C14700 |
| CuTeP |
CW118C |
C14500 |
| CuZn16Si4-C |
CC761S |
C87800 |
| CuZn21Si3P |
CW724R |
C69300 |
| CuZn31Si1 |
CW708R |
C69800 |
| CuZn32Al2Mn2Fe1-C |
CC763S |
– |
| CuZn33Pb2-C |
CC750S |
– |
| CuZn34Mn3Al2Fe1-C |
CC764S |
– |
| CuZn35Ni3Mn2AlPb |
CW710R |
– |
| CuZn35Pb2 |
CW601N |
C34200 |
| CuZn36Pb2As |
CW602N |
C35330 |
| CuZn36Pb3 |
CW603N |
C35600 |
| CuZn37Al1-C |
CC766S |
– |
| CuZn37Mn3Al2PbSi |
CW713R |
– |
| CuZn37Pb0,5 |
CW604N |
C33500 |
| CuZn38Al-C |
CC767S |
– |
| CuZn38Mn1Al |
CW716R |
– |
| CuZn38Pb1 |
CW607N |
C37000 |
| CuZn38Pb2 |
CW608N |
C37700 |
| CuZn39Pb0,5 |
CW610N |
C36500 |
| CuZn39Pb1Al-C |
CC754S |
– |
| CuZn39Pb2 |
CW612N |
– |
| CuZn39Pb3 |
CW614N |
C38500 |
| CuZn39Sn1 |
CW719R |
C46400 |
| CuZn40 |
CW509L |
C28000 |
| CuZn40Mn1Pb |
CW720R |
– |
| CuZn40Mn2Fe1 |
CW723R |
– |
| CuZn40Pb2 |
CW617N |
C37700 |
| CuZn43Pb2Al |
CW624N |
– |
European Standards Of Copper And Copper Alloys
| EN No |
Product Form |
| 12449 |
Seamless tubes |
| 12451 |
Seamless heat exchanger tube |
| 12452 |
| 12163 |
Rod |
| 12166 |
Wire |
| 12167 |
Profiles & rectangular bar |
| 1652 |
Plate, strip, sheet and circles |
| 1654 |
Strip (springs and connectors) |
| 12420 |
Forgings |
| 1982 |
Ingots and castings |
Designation for Copper Alloys (ASTM B601)
| Annealed Conditions |
| O10 |
Cast u Annealed |
| O20 |
Hot Forged u Annealed |
| O60 |
Soft Annealed |
| O61 |
Annealed |
| O81 |
Annealed to Temper: ¼ Hard |
| OS015 |
Average Grain Size: 0.015mm |
| Cold Worked Tempers |
| H01 |
¼ Hard |
| H02 |
½ Hard |
| H04 |
Hard |
| H08 |
Spring |
| Cold Worked L Stress Relieved Tempers |
| HR01 |
H01 u Stress Relieved |
| HR04 |
H04 u Stress Relieved |
| Precipitation Hardened Tempers |
| TB00 |
Solution Heat Treated |
| TF00 |
TB00 u Age Hardened |
| TH02 |
TB00 u Cold Worked u Aged |
| TM00 / TM02 / TM08 |
Mill Hardened Tempers |
| Manufactured Tempers |
| M01 |
As Sand Cast |
| M04 |
As Pressure Die Cast |
| M04 |
As Investment Cast |
EN 1173 Letter Symbol Designations
| Y |
0.2% proof strength |
| A |
Elongation |
| B |
Spring bending limit |
| G |
Grain size |
| H |
Hardness (Brinell for castings, Vickers for wrought products) |
| M |
(as) Manufactured, i.e. without specified mechanical properties |
| R |
Tensile strength |
Copper Mechanical Properties
| Alloy |
Tensile Strength |
Elongation |
Hardness |
| Copper |
200-400 (N/mm2) |
5-50 |
40-120 |
Physical Properties of Copper
| Alloy |
Melting Point |
Density |
Coeff of Expansion x 10-6/deg. C |
Electrical Conductivity |
Thermal Conductivity |
| Copper |
1083 deg. C |
8.94 (g/cm3) |
1-00 |
97* % IACS |
394 |
Engineering Copper Grades
| Alloy |
EN No |
UNS No |
| Engineering Copper |
CW024A |
C12200 |
Typical Mechanical Properties Of Engineering Copper
| Alloy |
Elongation
|
Tensile Strength
|
Hardness
|
| Engineering Copper |
5-50 % |
200-400 N/mm2 |
40-120 HV |
Typical Applications For Engineering Copper
- Seawater Piping
- Heat Exchangers
- Fuel Lines
- Nails
Beryllium Copper Grades
| Alloy |
EN No |
UNS No |
| Copper-beryllium |
CW 101C |
C17200 |
Typical Applications For Copper Beryllium
- Springs
- Drill Components
- Actuators
- Subsea Connectors
- Lifting Nuts
- Locking Rings
- Valve Gates
Nominal Composition of Copper Beryllium (Weight %)
| Alloy |
Cu |
Be |
Others |
| Copper-beryllium |
Rem |
1.9 |
1-00 |
Typical Mechanical Properties Of Copper Beryllium
| Alloy |
Tensile Strength N/mm2 |
Hardness (HV) |
Elongation (%) |
| Copper-beryllium |
410-1400 |
100-420 |
2-20 |
Oxygen Free Copper Grades
C10100
C10200
Different Grades Of Copper Wire
| ASTM |
Grade |
UNS |
ISO |
Material Code |
| C11040 |
C101/CW004A |
C11000 |
Cu-ETP |
2.006 |
Copper Scrap Grades
- #1 Bare Bright Copper
- #1 Copper
- #2 Copper
- #3 Copper
High Conductivity Electrolytic Tough Pitch (ETP) Copper Properties
| Properties |
Metric |
At |
| Density |
8.91 gm/cm3 |
20 deg. C |
| Electrical Conductivity |
0.591 MegaSiemens / cm |
20 C deg. C |
| Specific Gravity |
8.91 |
|
| Thermal Conductivity |
391.1W/m . å¡K at 20 C |
|
| Modulas of Elasticity |
117000 MPa |
|
| Electrical Resistivity |
1.71 microhm-cm |
20 C deg. C |
| Specific Heat Capacity |
393.5 J/kg . å¡K at 293 K |
|
| Modulas of Rigidity |
44130 MPa |
|
Oxygen-Free Copper (OFHC) Equivalent Standard
- UNS CDA 102
- SAE J461
- ASTM B152
- ASTM B187
- ASTM B272
Beryllium Copper Grades and Advantages
| Grades |
Standard |
| C17200 |
ASTM B196, CuBe2 2.1247, AMS 4533, RWMA CLASS IV, SAE J461 |
| C17300 |
CuBe2Pb, DIN 2.1248, EN CW102C |
| C17500 |
SAE J461, ASTM B534, ASTM B441 |
| C17510 |
ASTM B441 (ROD), ASTM B534 (PLATE), RWMA Class III |
- Oilfield Tools
- Aerospace Landing Gears
- Robotic Welding
