Grades Of Aluminium Used In Aerospace
| 2024 |
6061 |
7075 |
7050 |
| 2219 |
5052 |
3003 |
|
Refer Aluminium Properties And Uses
|
Al 2024 |
Al 7075 |
Al 6061 |
| Properties |
Good Machinability |
- High Strength Material
- Cracking Resistance
|
- Excellent Joining Characteristics
- good Workability
|
| Uses |
- Munitions
- Hydraulic Valve Bodies
|
- Missile Parts
- Bike Frames
|
|
Specification Of Aluminium Alloy
| Grade |
Element |
Group |
| 2024 |
Copper |
Heat Treatable Alloys |
| 6061 |
Magnesium and Silicon |
Heat Treatable Alloys |
| 7075 |
Zinc |
Heat Treatable Alloys |
Aluminium Alloy Applications
- Construction
- Bicycle Frames
- Automotive Parts
- Aircraft Applications
- Electrical conductors
- Chemical process equipment
- Foils
- Decorative finishes
- Capacitor
Types Of AI Alloy
| Supercut 20 |
6261 |
6063 |
6061 |
6060 |
| 6005 |
7075 |
5251 |
5086 |
5083 |
| 5052 |
5005 |
1200 |
|
|
Mechanical Properties of Aluminium Alloy
| Properties |
2024 |
6061 |
7075 |
| Yield |
100 to 490 Mpa (14 to 71 x 103 psi) |
76 to 370 Mpa (11 to 54 x 103 psi) |
120 to 510 Mpa (18 to 74 x 103 psi) |
| Shear Strength |
130 to 320 Mpa (18 to 46 x 103 psi) |
84 to 210 Mpa (12 to 30 x 103 psi) |
150 to 340 Mpa (22 to 49 x 103 psi) |
| Poisson’s Ratio |
0.33 |
0.33 |
0.32 |
| Elongation at Break |
4.0 to 16% |
3.4 to 20% |
1.8 to 12% |
| Elastic Modulus |
71 Gpa (10 x 106 psi) |
69 Gpa (10 x 106 psi) |
70 Gpa (10 x 106 psi) |
| Fatigue Strength |
90 to 180 Mpa (13 to 26 x 103 psi) |
58 to 110 Mpa (8.4 to 16 x 103 psi) |
110 to 190 Mpa (16 to 28 x 103 psi) |
| Shear Modulus |
27 Gpa (3.9 x 106 psi) |
26 Gpa (3.8 x 106 psi) |
26 Gpa (3.8 x 106 psi) |
| Ultimate (UTS) |
200 to 540 Mpa (29 to 79 x 103 psi) |
130 to 410 Mpa (19 to 60 x 103 psi) |
240 to 590 Mpa (35 to 85 x 103 psi) |
Aluminium Alloy Thermal Properties
| Properties |
2024 |
6061 |
7075 |
| Thermal Conductivity |
120W/m-K (70 BTU/h-ft-°F) |
170W/m-K (97 BTU/h-ft-°F) |
130W/m-K (75 BTU/h-ft-°F) |
| Melting Onset |
500°C (930 °F) |
580°C (1080 °F) |
480°C (890 °F) |
| Mechanical |
200°C (390 °F) |
170°C (330 °F) |
200°C (400 °F) |
| Latent Heat of Fusion |
390J/g |
400J/g |
380J/g |
| Melting Completion |
640 °C (1180 °F) |
650°C (1190 °F) |
640°C (1180 °F) |
| Specific Heat Capacity |
880 J/kg-K (0.21 BTU/lb-°F) |
900J/kg-K (0.21 BTU/lb-°F) |
870J/kg-K (0.21 BTU/lb-°F) |
| Thermal Expansion |
23 µm/m-K |
24 µm/m-K |
23 µm/m-K |
Physical Properties For AI Alloy Of Aerospace
| Grades |
Density |
| 2024 |
2.78 g/cc |
| 6061 |
2.7 g/cc |
| 7075 |
2.81 g/cc |
Aluminium Casting Alloy
| ANSI/AA |
Aluminum Die Casting Alloys |
| A360 |
A380 |
A413 |
| Hot Cracking Resistance |
1 |
2 |
1 |
| Chemical Oxide Coating |
3 |
4 |
3 |
| Die-Filling Capacity |
3 |
2 |
1 |
| Electroplating Ease |
2 |
1 |
3 |
| Corrosion Resistance |
2 |
4 |
2 |
| Pressure Tightness |
2 |
2 |
1 |
| Polishing Ease |
3 |
3 |
5 |
| Anti-Soldering |
2 |
1 |
1 |
| Anodizing |
3 |
3 |
5 |
| Machining Ease |
3 |
3 |
4 |
| Strength at Elevated Temp |
1 |
3 |
3 |
Aluminium Grades Of Machining
| Machinabllity Rating |
Alloy |
Feed mm/rev |
Speed m/mi |
| Left photo |
Right photo |
| A |
2011-T3 |
0.066 |
0.152 |
120 |
| B |
2024-T4 |
0.152 |
0.264 |
30 |
| C |
6061-T6 |
0.152 |
0.264 |
120 |
| D |
3004-H32 |
0.152 |
0.264 |
120 |
| E |
1100-HI2 |
0.152 |
0.264 |
120 |
Welding Method For Aluminum Alloys
| Selection factors |
(MIG) |
(PAW) |
(FSW) |
(TIG) |
| Imp |
Ad. |
I. Fac. |
Imp. |
Ad. |
I. Fac. |
Imp
|
Ad. |
I. Fac. |
Imp. |
Ad. |
I. Fac. |
| Penetration |
1 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
| Chemical stability |
2 |
3 |
6 |
2 |
3 |
6 |
2 |
3 |
6 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
| Strength |
3 |
2 |
6 |
– |
– |
– |
3 |
2 |
6 |
3 |
2 |
6 |
| Distortion |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
| Weld defects |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
6 |
| Elongation |
2 |
3 |
6 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
2 |
3 |
6 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
| Imp. Important Level, Ad – Advanced Level, I. Fac – Impact Factor |
Aluminium Chemical Composition
| Chemical Composition |
2024 |
6061 |
7075 |
| Cu % |
4.6 |
0.27 |
1.2 – 2.0 |
| Mg % |
1.4 |
1.03 |
2.1 – 2.9 |
| Mn % |
0.54 |
0.15 |
0.3 |
| Fe % |
0.18 |
0.41 |
0.5 |
| Zn % |
0.1 |
0,04 |
5.1 – 6.1 |
| Si % |
0.09 |
0.69 |
0.4 |
| Ti % |
0.02 |
0.05 |
0.2 |
| Cr % |
0.01 |
0.17 |
0.18 – 0.28 |
| rest % |
0.05 |
0.02 |
– |
Aluminium Equivalent Material
| European Standard |
Numerical EN AW |
2024 |
6061 |
7075 |
| Symbolic |
AlCu4Mg1 |
AlMglSiCu |
AlZn5,5MgCu |
| USA |
2024 |
6061 |
7075 |
| Japan JIS |
A2024 |
A6061 |
A7075 |
| Spain UNE |
L-3140 38.314 |
L-3420 38.342 |
L-3710 38.371 |
| France AFNOR |
A-U4G1 |
A-GSUC |
A-Z5GU |
| Germany DIN |
AlCuMg2 3.1355 |
AlMg1SiCu 3.3211 |
AZnMgCu1,5 3.4365 |
| G.B.B.S. |
L97/L98 |
H20 |
2L95 |
| Sweden SIS |
5 |
– |
– |
| Switzerland V.S.M. |
AlCu4Mg1.5 |
– |
AlZn6MgCu1 ,5 |
| Canada C.S.A. |
CG42(24S) |
GS11N |
ZG62 |
| Italy U.N.I. |
Old |
3583 |
6170 |
3735 |
| New |
9002/4 |
9006/2 |
9007/2 |
